Nk'ingenzi mu mikorere ya compressor, akamaro k'amavuta yo kwisiga ka compressor karagaragara. Ariko, mu mikorere nyayo, rimwe na rimwe twirengagiza uburyo amavuta akoreshwa. Kubera ko abakora benshi bagaragaza ikirango iyo bakoresha amavuta yo kwisiga, kandi compressor ubwayo ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo kudahindagurika, biragoye kubona neza ibibazo biterwa n'amavuta yo kwisiga. Byongeye kandi, buri ruganda rufite uburyo bwarwo bwo gukoresha no kubungabunga amavuta yo kwisiga, ibyo bikaba binatera ibibazo bitandukanye.
Mu ikoreshwa ry’amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa “air compressor”, abakora ibikoresho benshi bazasaba byimazeyo gukoresha amavuta y’umwimerere cyangwa ayagenwe hakurikijwe imiterere n’ibisabwa mu mikorere y’ibikoresho. Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo ibikoresho bikore neza kandi bihamye, kuko amavuta y’umwimerere cyangwa ayagenwe akunze kugeragezwa cyane kandi akagenzurwa kugira ngo ahuze neza n’imikorere y’ibikoresho.
Ariko, ibiciro by'aya mavuta y'umwimerere cyangwa ayagenwe akenshi biba biri hejuru cyane, bigatuma bamwe mu bakoresha compressor y'umwuka bashaka andi mavuta ku isoko kugira ngo bagabanye ikiguzi. Muri ayo mavuta, nubwo amwe ahendutse kandi afite ubuziranenge bwiza, menshi muri yo ntashobora kwemezwa mu bijyanye n'ubuziranenge. Bamwe mu bayakoresha bahuye n'igihombo gikomeye bitewe n'amavuta yo gusiga adahuye cyangwa adahagije, ibyo bikaba byaratumye ibikoresho binanirwa ndetse n'impanuka zikomeye.
Birumvikana ko bamwe mu bakoresha bahisemo amavuta meza y’ubundi bwoko, kandi ibikoresho ntibyakoreshejwe mu buryo budasanzwe mu gihe gito. Ariko ibi ntibivuze ko nta kibazo na gito kiri kuri aya mavuta, kuko bimwe mu bibazo bishobora kubaho nko gucoca no kwangirika ni inzira zo kwikusanya igihe kirekire kandi bishobora kugorana kubibona mu gihe gito. Kubwibyo, ntidushobora gucira urubanza ubwiza bw’amavuta yo kwisiga hashingiwe gusa ku mikorere y’igihe gito.
Hariho kandi ubwoko bwinshi bw'amavuta yo kwisiga ku isoko, kandi ubwiza n'imikorere yabyo birazwi. Igihe cyose guhitamo ari byiza kandi bikoreshejwe neza, aya mavuta ashobora kuba amahitamo meza ku bakoresha compressor y'umwuka. Ariko uko amavuta yo kwisiga yatoranijwe kose, abakoresha bagomba kubahiriza inama n'ibyo uwakoze amavuta asabwa kugira ngo barebe ko amavuta yatoranijwe ahuye n'ibyo ibikoresho bikeneye, bityo birinda ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n'umutekano.
1. Ubwoko n'uburyo bwo guhitamo amavuta yo kwisiga Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'amavuta yo kwisiga, agabanyijemo ibice bitatu: amavuta ya mineri, amavuta atari ay'amabuye y'agaciro n'amavuta avangiye. Ubwoko butandukanye bw'amavuta yo kwisiga akenshi ahitamo amavuta akwiriye bitewe n'imiterere y'imikorere yayo n'ibyo abakora bakeneye. Muri rusange, amavuta menshi yo kwisiga akoresha amavuta ya mesh 80, afite urwego runaka rw'ubuziranenge n'ubwiza.
Mu mikoreshereze nyayo, amavuta yo kwisiga aturuka mu nganda zitandukanye nayo aratandukanye mu ibara, nk'umutuku, umweru (umuhondo ubonerana cyangwa umuhondo woroshye), umuhondo woroshye n'umuhondo wijimye. Iri tandukaniro ry'amabara ntirigaragaza gusa ibintu bitandukanye bigize amavuta, ahubwo rigaragaza n'ibyo buri mukinnyi akeneye ku giti cye. Urugero, amavuta akoreshwa na compressors za Gardner Denver ni umutuku kandi abonerana, mu gihe amavuta akoreshwa na compressors za Sullair ari umuhondo ariko yijimye gato (aya ni amavuta akoreshwa gusa na moderi nabonye, kandi ntabwo ahagarariye moderi zose cyangwa izindi moderi nshya z'amavuta). Bigaragara ko ibara n'ibisabwa by'amavuta akoreshwa na buri mukinnyi wa compressor bizaba bitandukanye cyane. Ariko, amavuta yo kwisiga ya compressor y'umuhondo wijimye ni menshi cyane. Amavuta ya transformer ni No. 36, naho compressor ya piston ni No. 19. Ibara ryayo ni ryijimye cyane, bigaragaza ko hari umwanda mwinshi kandi umubare muto w'amasashe.
Mu guhitamo amavuta yo kwisiga, hari ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho birimo: 1. Gukomera ku bushyuhe bwinshi: Bishobora kugumana ubushyuhe bwinshi, ntibishobora kwangirika cyangwa ngo bibe byangirika, kandi bikagira umutekano n'ubwizigirwa bw'imashini iyo ikora ku muvuduko mwinshi; 2. Guhangana n'ubushyuhe: Ntibyoroshye gushonga, kugumana imikorere ihamye, no kongera igihe cy'imashini; 3. Guhangana n'ubushyuhe: Bishobora gukorana neza n'ibikoresho by'icyuma, ntibizatera ingese no kwangirika, kandi bikagira ubuzima bwiza bw'imashini; 4. Guhangana n'ubushyuhe buke: Bifite ubushyuhe buke kandi buciriritse, kandi bishobora gusiga neza no mu bushyuhe buke, bigagabanya kwangirika iyo imashini itangiye.
2. Amabwiriza yo kwirinda gukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga Gukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga byibanda cyane cyane ku gusimbuza amavuta ya compressor. Impinduka z'amavuta muri compressor zitandukanye ziratandukanye. Zimwe zihindurwa buri mezi make, mu gihe izindi zigomba guhindurwa kenshi bitewe no kuva kw'amavuta. Kuva kw'amavuta ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara muri compressor. Impamvu zibitera ni ingorabahizi kandi biragoye kubibona vuba. Kubwibyo, kuba hari kuva kw'amavuta bitera ingorane zimwe na zimwe mu kubungabunga compressor.
Mu gihe cyo gukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga, bamwe mu bakora amavuta bashobora gusimbuza amavuta yo kwisiga atujuje ubuziranenge bitewe n’inyungu, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere ya compressor. Amavuta yo kwisiga atujuje ubuziranenge ntabwo azagabanya gusa urwego rw’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu ry’ibikoresho, ahubwo ashobora no gutera iminkanyari cyangwa ibindi byangirika imbere muri compressor, bityo bigatuma imikorere isanzwe ya compressor ikora neza.
Byongeye kandi, hari inganda nyinshi zikora amavuta yo kwisiga ku isoko, harimo n’izindi nganda zikora ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n’abayacuruza. Ubwiza bw’amavuta yo kwisiga akorwa n’aba banyamwuga ntibungana. Nubwo amwe ahendutse, ubuziranenge ntibushobora kwemezwa. Bamwe mu bacuruzi bato ba compressor batumiza amavuta amwe yo kwisiga ashobora kwemezwa gato kandi nta kibazo kizaba gihari mu bihe bisanzwe, ariko igiciro cyo kugura kirahendutse cyane, kugira ngo babone inyungu nyinshi binyuze mu gukoresha amavuta make n’ayo kwisiga menshi. Kubwibyo, abakoresha bagomba gusuzuma neza igihe bahitamo amavuta yo kwisiga kugira ngo birinde kugura ibintu bidafite ishingiro kubera umururumba wo gushaka kuhendutse. Birahendutse, ariko ntabwo bihendutse cyane.
3. Gutunganya amavuta yo kwisiga ...
Iyo compressor ikoresheje amavuta atujuje ubuziranenge, birashoboka ko yangiza vis, ibyo bikaba byatera ingaruka zikomeye. Kwangirika kw'vis, gushwanyagurika, cyangwa kwangirika guterwa n'icyuho kinini, ubwiyongere bwa karuboni, nibindi, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere isanzwe ya compressor. Kubwibyo, tugomba kwita bihagije ku kubungabunga amavuta.
Mu gihe cyo kubungabunga amavuta yo kwisiga, tugomba kugenzura buri gihe imiterere y’amavuta yo kwisiga, harimo n’ibipimo nk’ibara, ubukana, n’isuku. Iyo amavuta yo kwisiga agaragaye ko afite ibara ry’umukara, ubukana bugabanuka, kandi umwanda wiyongera, ni ngombwa kuyasimbuza amavuta mashya ku gihe. Muri icyo gihe, ni ngombwa kandi kwita ku buryo bwo kubika no gusimbuza amavuta yo kwisiga kugira ngo hirindwe ko imyanda cyangwa umwanda byakwinjira mu gihe cyo kuyabika no kuyasimbuza.
Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'ikoreshwa rya compressor nayo igomba kwitabwaho. Iyo compressor iri ahantu hari ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushuhe cyangwa ivumbi, amavuta yo kwisiga agomba kugenzurwa no gusimbuzwa kenshi kugira ngo akomeze gukora neza kandi arambe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 13-2024
